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Afton, AD. 1978. Incubation rhythms and egg temperatures of an American Green-winged Teal and a renesting Pintail. Prairie Naturalist 10: 115-119.

Afton, AD. 1979. Incubation temperatures of the Northern Shoveler. Canadian Journal of Zoology 57: 1052-1056.

Afton, AD. 1980. Factors affecting incubation rhythms of Northern Shovelers. Condor 82: 132-137.

Afton, AD. 1984. Influence of age and time on reproductive performance of female Lesser Scaup. Auk 101: 255-265.

Afton, AD. 1985. Forced copulation as a reproductive strategy of male Lesser Scaup: a field test of some predictions. Behaviour 92: 146-167.

Afton, AD. 1993. Post-hatch brood amalgamation in Lesser Scaup: female behavior and return rates, and duckling survival. Prairie Naturalist 25: 227-235.

Afton, AD, Ankney, CD. 1991. Nutrient-reserve dynamics of breeding Lesser Scaup: a test of competing hypotheses. Condor 93: 89-97

Afton, AD; Hier, RH. 1991. Diets of Lesser Scaup breeding in Manitoba. Journal of Field Ornithology 62: 325-334.

Alisauskas, RT. 1986. Variation in the composition of the eggs and chicks of American Coots. Condor 88: 84-90.

Alisauskas, RT. 1987. Morphometric correlates of age and breeding status in American Coots. Auk 104: 640-646.

Alisauskas, RT; Ankney, CD. 1985. Nutrient reserves and the energetics of reproduction in American Coots. Auk 102: 133-144.

Alisauskas, RT; Ankney, CD. 1987. Age-related variation in the nutrient reserves of breeding American Coots, Fulica americana. Canadian Journal of Zoology 65: 2417-2420.

Alisauskas, RT; Ankney, CD; Klaas, EE. 1988. Winter diets and nutrition of midcontinental Lesser Snow Geese. Journal of Wildlife Management 52: 403-414.

Alisauskas, RT; Ankney, CD. 1990. Body size and fecundity in Lesser Snow Geese. Auk 107: 440-443.

Alisauskas, RT; Ankney, CD. 1992. Spring habitat use and diets of midcontinent adult Lesser Snow Geese. Journal of Wildlife Management 56: 43-54.

Alisauskas, RT; Ankney, CD. 1992. The cost of egg laying and its relationship to nutrient reserves in waterfowl. Pp. 30-61 in BDJ Batt, ed. Ecology and management of breeding waterfowl. Univ. Minnesota Press, Minneapolis.

Alisauskas, RT; Arnold, TW. 1994. American Coot. Pp. 127-144 in The management of migratory shore and upland game birds (TC Tacha and CE Braun, eds.). Allen Press, Lawrence, KS.

Alisauskas, RT; Hobson, KA. 1993. Determination of Lesser Snow Goose diets and winter distribution using stable isotope analysis. Journal of Wildlife Management 57: 49-54.

Alisauskas, R.T. 2002 Arctic climate, spring nutrition and recruitment in midcontinent lesser snow geese. Journal of Wildlife Management 66: 181-193Anderson, DL. 1969. The persistent use of a floating blind by muskrats. American Midland Naturalist 81: 601-602.

Anderson, DW; Bartonek, JC. 1967. Additional observations on the status of North American White Pelicans. Condor 69: 311-313.

Anderson, MG. 1974. American Coots feeding in association with Canvasbacks. Wilson Bulletin 86: 462-463.

Anderson, MG. 1978. Distribution and production of sago pondweed (Potamogeton pectinatus L.) on a northern prairie marsh. Ecology 59: 154-160.

Anderson, MG. 1984. Parental investment and pair-bond behavior among Canvasback ducks (Aythya valisineria, Anatidae). Behavioural Ecology and Sociobiology 15: 81-90.

Anderson, MG. 1985. Variations on monogamy in Canvasbacks (Aythya valisineria). Pp. 57-67 in (PA Gowaty and DW Mock, eds.), Avian monogamy. Ornithological Monographs 37.

Anderson, MG. 1989. Species closures--a case study of the Canvasback. Pp. 41-50 in Proc. Sixth Intern. Waterfowl. Symp., Washington, DC.

Anderson, MG; Batt, BDJ. 1983. Workshop on the ecology of wintering waterfowl. Wildlife Society Bulletin 11: 22-24.

Anderson, MG; Emery, RB; Arnold, TW. 1997. Reproductive success and female survival affect local population density of canvasbacks. Journal of Wildlife Management 61: 1174-1191.

Anderson, MG; Hepp, GR; McKinney, F; Owen, M. 1988. Workshop summary: courtship and pairing in winter. Pp. 123-131 in (MW Weller, ed.) Waterfowl in winter. Univ. Minnesota Press, Minneapolis.

Anderson, MG; Jones, RE. 1976. Submerged aquatic vascular plants of East Delta Marsh. Manitoba Department of Renewable Resources and Transportation Services, Wildlife Report.

Anderson, MG; Low, JB. 1976. Use of sago pondweed by waterfowl on the Delta Marsh, Manitoba. Journal of Wildlife Management 40: 233-242.

Anderson, MG; Rhymer, JM; Rohwer, FC. 1992. Philopatry, dispersal, and the genetic structure of waterfowl populations. Pp. 365-395 in Ecology and management of breeding waterfowl (BDJ Batt et al., eds.). Univ. Minnesota Press, Minneapolis.

Anderson, MG; Sayler, RD; Afton, AD. 1980. A decoy trap for diving ducks. Journal of Wildlife Management 44: 217-219.

Anderson, MG; Titman, RD. 1992. Spacing patterns. Pp. 251-289 in (BDJ Batt et al., eds.) Ecology and management of breeding waterfowl. Univ. Minnesota Press, Minneapolis.

Ankney, CD; Afton, AD. 1988. Bioenergetics of breeding Northern Shovelers: diet, nutrient reserves, clutch size, and incubation. Condor 90: 459-472.

Armstrong, T; Robertson, RJ. 1988. Parental investment based on clutch value: nest desertion in response to partial clutch loss in dabbling ducks. Animal Behaviour 36: 941-943.

Arnold, TW. 1987. Conspecific egg discrimination in American Coots. Condor 89: 975-976.

Arnold, TW. 1989. Variation in size and composition of Horned and Pied-billed grebe eggs. Condor 91: 987-989.

Arnold, TW. 1990. Determinacy of clutch size in Horned and Pied-billed grebes. Wilson Bulletin 102: 336-338.

Arnold, TW. 1991. Intraclutch variation in egg size of American Coots. Condor 93: 28-37.

Arnold, TW. 1992. Continuous laying by American Coots in response to partial clutch removal and total clutch loss. Auk 109: 407-421.

Arnold, TW. 1992. The adaptive significance of eggshell removal by nesting birds: testing the egg-capping hypothesis. Condor 94: 547-548.

Arnold, TW. 1992. Variation in laying date, clutch size, egg size, and egg composition of Yellow-headed Blackbirds (Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus): a supplemental feeding experiment. Canadian Journal of Zoology 70: 1904-1911.

Arnold, TW. 1993. Factors affecting egg viability and incubation time in prairie dabbling ducks. Canadian Journal of Zoology 71: 1146-1152.

Arnold, TW. 1993. Factors affecting renesting in American Coots. Condor 95: 273-281.

Arnold, TW. 1994. A roadside transect for censusing breeding coots and grebes. Wildlife Society Bulletin 22: 437-443.

Arnold, TW. 1994. Effects of supplemental food on egg production in American Coots. Auk 111: 337-350.

Arnold, TW; Alisauskas, RT; Ankney, CD. 1991. Egg composition of American Coots in relation to habitat, year, laying date, clutch size, and supplemental food. Auk 108: 532-547.

Arnold, TW; Anderson, MG; Emery, RB; Sorenson, MD; de Sobrino, CN. 1995. The effect of late-incubation body mass on reproductive success of Canvasbacks and Redheads. Condor 97: 953-962.

Arnold, TW; Ankney, CD. 1997. The adaptive significance of nutrient reserves to breeding American Coots: a reassessment. Condor 99: 91-103.

Arnold, TW; Fritzell, EK. 1987. Activity patterns, movements, and home ranges of prairie mink. Prairie Naturalist 19: 25-32.

Arnold, TW; Fritzell, EK. 1987. Food habits of prairie mink during the waterfowl breeding season. Canadian Journal of Zoology 65: 2322-2324.

Arnold, TW; Fritzell, EK. 1989. Spring and summer prey remains collected from male mink dens in southwestern Manitoba. Prairie Naturalist 21: 189-192.

Arnold, TW; Fritzell, EK. 1990. Habitat selection by male mink in relation to wetland characteristics and avian prey abundances. Canadian Journal of Zoology 68: 2205-2208.

Arnold, TW; Rohwer, FC; Armstrong, T. 1987. Egg viability, nest predation, and the adaptive significance of clutch size in prairie ducks. American Naturalist 129: 643-653.

Arnold, TW; Rohwer, FC. 1991. Do egg formation costs limit clutch size in waterfowl? A skeptical view. Condor 93: 1032-1038.

Arnold, TW; Sorenson, MD. 1988. A record early season for marsh-breeding birds in southwestern Manitoba. Blue Jay 46: 133-135.

Arnold, TW; Sorenson, MD; Rotella, JJ. 1993. Relative success of overwater and upland Mallard nests in southwestern Manitoba. Journal of Wildlife Management 57: 578-581.

Arnold, TW; Thompson, JE; Ankney, CD. 1997. Using post-ovulatory follicles to determine laying histories of American Coots: implications for nutrient reserve studies. Journal of Field Ornithology 68: 19-25.

Austin, FG; Welch, HE. 1972. The occurrence, life cycle, and pathogenicity of Echinuria uncinata (Rudolphi, 1819) Soloviev, 1912 (Spirurida, Nematoda) in waterfowl at Delta, Manitoba. Canadian Journal of Zoology 50: 385-393.

Austin, JE. 1987. Activities of postbreeding Lesser Scaup in southwestern Manitoba. Wilson Bulletin 99: 448-456.

Austin, JE; Fredrickson, LH. 1986. Molt of female Lesser Scaup immediately following breeding. Auk 103: 293-298.

Austin, JE; Fredrickson, LH. 1987. Body and organ mass and body composition of post-breeding female Lesser Scaup. Auk 104: 694-699.

Bailey, RO. 1979. Methods of estimating total lipid content in the Redhead duck (Aythya americana) and an evaluation of condition indices. Canadian Journal of Zoology 57: 1830-1833.

Bailey, RO. 1979. Wild Mallard stocking in a large marsh habitat. Canadian Field-Naturalist 93: 55-62.

Bailey, RO. 1981. A theoretical approach to problems in waterfowl management. Trans. North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference 46: 58-69.

Bailey, RO. 1983. Distribution of postbreeding diving ducks (Aythyini and Mergini) on southern boreal lakes in Manitoba. Canadian Wildlife Service Progress Notes No. 136.

Bailey, RO. 1985. Protein reserve dynamics in postbreeding adult male Redheads. Condor 87: 23-32.

Bailey, RO; Batt, BDJ. 1974. Hierarchy of waterfowl feeding with whistling swans. Auk 91: 488-493.

Bailey, RO; Jones, RE. 1976. Mallard mortality in Manitoba's extended spring muskrat-trapping season. Wildlife Society Bulletin 4: 26-28.

Bailey, RO; Seymour, NR; Stewart, GR. 1978. Rape behavior in Blue-winged Teal. Auk 95: 188-190.

Bailey, RO; Titman, RD. 1984. Habitat use and feeding ecology of postbreeding Redheads. Journal of Wildlife Management 48: 1144-1155.

Balham, RW; Elder, WH. 1953. Colored leg bands for waterfowl. Journal of Wildlife Management 17: 446-449.

Ball, JP. 1990. Active diet selection or passive reflection of changing food availability: the underwater foraging behavior of Canvasbacks. Pp. 95-109 in Behavioural mechanisms of food selection (RN Hughes, ed.). NATO ASI Ser., Vol. G 20.

Ball, JP. 1994. Prey choice of omnivorous Canvasbacks: imperfectly optimal ducks. Oikos 70: 233-244.

Ball, JP; Nudds, TD. 1989. Mallard habitat selection: an experiment and implications for management. Pp. 659-671 in Freshwater wetlands and wildlife (RR Sharitz and JW Gibbons, eds.). USDOE Office of Sci. and Tech. Info., Oak Ridge, TN.

Bartonek, JC. 1965. Mortality of diving ducks on Lake Winnipegosis through commercial fishing. Canadian Field-Naturalist 79: 15-20.

Bartonek, JC. 1965. Some summer and migration observations of Whistling Swans in Manitoba. Canadian Field-Naturalist 79: 217-218.

Bartonek, JC. 1969. Build-up of grit in three pochard species in Manitoba. Wilson Bulletin 81: 96-97.

Bartonek, JC; Dane, CW. 1964. Numbered nasal discs for waterfowl. Journal of Wildlife Management 28: 688-692.

Bartonek, JC; Hickey, JJ. 1969. Food habits of Canvasbacks, Redheads, and Lesser Scaup in Manitoba. Condor 71: 280-290.

Bartonek, JC; Hickey, JJ. 1969. Selective feeding by juvenile diving ducks in summer. Auk 86: 443-457.

Barzen, JA; Serie, JR. 1990. Nutrient reserve dynamics of breeding Canvasbacks. Auk 107: 75-85.

Bataille, KJ; Baldassarre, GA. 1993. Distribution and abundance of aquatic macroinvertebrates following drought in three prairie pothole wetlands. Wetlands 13: 260-269.

Batt, BDJ. 1971. Gadwall duck learns to fly after breaking a wing. Bird-Banding 42: 301-302.

Batt, BDJ. 1976. Second International Waterfowl Symposium, a review. Wildlife Society Bulletin 4: 81.

Batt, BDJ. 1977. Individual variation and the analysis of Mallard populations. Pp. 95-102 in Waterfowl and wetlands--an integrated review (TA Bookhout, ed.). Northcentral Section, The Wildl. Soc. Madison, WI.

Batt, BDJ. 1981. Marsh ecology study at the Delta Station. Pp. 204-208 in Fourth International Waterfowl Symposium, Ducks Unlimited Inc., New Orleans, LA.

Batt, BDJ. 1985. New initiatives in research with wintering waterfowl. Pp. 137-140 in Fifth International Waterfowl Symposium, Ducks Unlimited Inc., Kansas City, MO.

Batt, BDJ. 1992. Introduction: The waterfowl. Pp. xiii-xxi in BDJ Batt et al., eds. Ecology and management of breeding waterfowl. Univ. Minnesota Press, Minneapolis.

Batt, BDJ; Anderson, MG; Anderson, CD; Caswell, FD. 1989. The use of prairie potholes by North American ducks. Pp. 204-227 in (A. van der Valk, ed.). Northern prairie wetlands. Iowa State Univ. Press, Ames.

Batt, BDJ; Black, JA; Cowan, WF. 1980. The effects of glyphosate herbicide on chicken hatchability. Canadian Journal of Zoology 58: 1940-1942.

Batt, BDJ; Caldwell, PJ; Davis, CB; Kadlec, JA; Kaminski, RM; Murkin, HR; van der Valk, AG. 1983The Delta Waterfowl Research Station-Ducks Unlimited (Canada) Marsh Ecology Research Program. Pp. 19-23 in First Western Hemisphere Waterfowl and Waterbird Symposium (H. Boyd, ed.).

Batt, BDJ; Cooper, JA; Cornwell, GW. 1975. The occurrence of twin waterfowl embryos. Condor 77: 214.

Batt, BDJ; Cornwell, GW. 1972. The effects of cold on Mallard embryos. Journal of Wildlife Management 36: 745-751.

Batt, BDJ; Prince, HH. 1978. Some reproductive parameters of Mallards in relation to age, captivity, and geographic origin. Journal of Wildlife Management 42: 834-842.

Batt, BDJ; Prince, HH. 1979. Laying dates, clutch size and egg weight of captive Mallards. Condor 81: 35-41.

Beasley, BA; Ankney, CD. 1988. The effect of plumage color on the thermoregulatory abilities of Lesser Snow Goose goslings. Canadian Journal of Zoology 66: 1352-1358.

Beasley, BA; Ankney, CD. 1992. Physiological responses of cold-stressed blue and snow phase Lesser Snow Goose goslings. Canadian Journal of Zoology 70: 549-552.

Beattie, LA; Nudds, TD. 1989. Differential habitat occupancy by Goldeneye ducklings (Bucephala clangula) and fish: predator avoidance or competition? Canadian Journal of Zoology 67: 475-482.

Bergman, RD. 1973. Use of southern boreal lakes by postbreeding Canvasbacks and Redheads. Journal of Wildlife Management 37: 160-170.

Bildstein, KL; Bancroft, GT; Dugen, PJ; Gordon, DH; Erwin, RM; Nol, E; Payne, LX; Senner, SE. 1991. Approaches to the conservation of coastal wetlands in the Western Hemisphere. Wilson Bulletin 103: 218-254.

Blohm, RJ. 1978. Migrational homing of male Gadwalls to breeding grounds. Auk 95: 763-766.

Blohm, RJ. 1981. Additional evidence of egg-moving behavior by female Gadwalls. Wilson Bulletin 93: 276-277.

Blohm, RJ. 1981. Incubating female Gadwall dies upon flushing from nest. Journal of Field Ornithology 52: 149-150.

Blohm, RJ. 1982. Differential occurrence of yearling and adult male Gadwalls in pair bonds. Auk 99: 378-379.

Blohm, RJ. 1987. Reliability of morphological measurements in sexing newly hatched wild Gadwall ducklings. Journal of Field Ornithology 58: 144-147.

Blohm, RJ; Van Dyke, F; Livezey, BC. 1980. Marsh hawks feeding on waterfowl. Wilson Bulletin 92: 251-252.

Blohm, RJ; Ward, P. 1979. Experience with a decoy trap for male Gadwalls. Bird-Banding.

Bluhm, CK. 1984. Effects of male courtship and gonadal steroids on pair formation, egg-laying, and serum LH in Canvasback ducks (Aythya valisineria). J. Zool. 204: 185-200.

Bluhm, CK. 1985. Mate preferences and mating patterns of Canvasbacks (Aythya valisineria). Ornithological Monographs 37: 45-56.

Bluhm, CK. 1988. Temporal patterns of pair formation and reproduction in annual cycles and associated endocrinology in waterfowl. Current Ornithol. 5: 123-185.

Bluhm, CK. 1992. Environmental and endocrine control of waterfowl reproduction. Pp. 323-364 in Ecology and management of breeding waterfowl (BDJ Batt et al., eds.). Univ. Minnesota Press, Minneapolis.

Bluhm, CK; Phillips, RE; Burke, WH. 1983. Serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin, estradiol, and progesterone in laying and nonlaying Canvasback ducks (Aythya valisineria). Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. 52: 1-16.

Bluhm, CK; Phillips, RE; Burke, WH. 1983. Serum levels of luteinizing hormone, prolactin, estradiol, and progesterone in laying and nonlaying Mallards, Anas platyrhynchos. Biol. Reprod. 28: 295-305.

Bluhm, CK; Phillips, RE; Burke, WH; Gupta, GN. 1984. Effects of male courtship and gonadal steroids on pair formation, egg-laying, and serum LH in Canvasback ducks (Aythya valisineria). J. Zool. 204: 185-200.

Bluhm, CK; Phillips, RE; Burke, WH. 1989. Vernal increases in prolactin levels of nonbreeding male and female Canvasbacks (Aythya valisineria). Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. 76: 286-291.

Bluhm, CK; Ward, EK. 1979. Great Horned Owl predation on a Short-eared Owl. Condor 81: 307-308.

Borden, R; Hochbaum, HA. 1966. Gadwall seeding in New England. North Am. Wildl. Nat. Resour. Conf. 31: 79-88.

Bossenmaier, EF. 1950. Waterfowl investigations at Whitewater Lake, Manitoba--1950. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Spec. Sci. Rep. Wildl. 8: 55-58.

Bossenmaier, EF. 1951. Waterfowl investigations at Whitewater Lake, Manitoba--1951. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Spec. Sci. Rep. Wildl. 13: 60-62.

Bossenmaier, EF; Cober, J; Leitch, WG; MacKay, GH; Miller, WR; Moore, DD; Walker, JM;

Ward, P. 1968. The Delta Marsh; its values, problems and potentialities. Tech. Comm. for Development of the Delta Marsh, Man. Dept. of Mines & Nat. Resour. 75pp.

Bossenmaier, EF; Marshall, WH. 1958. Field-feeding by waterfowl in southwestern Manitoba. Wildl. Monogr. 1: 1-32.

Bossenmaier, EF; Olson, TA; Rueger, ME; Marshall, WH. 1954. Some field and laboratory aspects of duck sickness at Whitewater Lake, Manitoba. Trans. N. Amer. Wildl. Conf. 19: 163-175.

Botero, JE; Rusch, DH. 1988. Recoveries of North American waterfowl in the Neotropics. Pp. 469-482 in Waterfowl in winter (MW Weller, ed.). Univ. Minnesota Press, Minneapolis.

Botero, JE; Rusch, DH. 1994. Foods of Blue-winged Teal in two neotropical wetlands. Journal of Wildlife Management 58: 561-565.

Brakhage, GK. 1953. Migration and mortality of ducks hand-reared and wild-trapped at Delta, Manitoba. Journal of Wildlife Management 17: 465-477.Brook, R.W. and R.G. Clark. 2002. Retention and effects of nasal markers and subcutaneously implanted radio transmitters on breeding female Lesser Scaup. J. Field Ornithol. 73: 206-212.

Brown, PW. 1987. Influence of an unidentified epornitic on waterfowl nesting at Jesse Lake, Alberta. Canadian Field-Naturalist 101: 454-456.

Brown, PW; Fredrickson, LH. 1983. Growth and molt progression of White-winged Scoter ducklings. Wildfowl 34: 115-119.

Brown, PW; Fredrickson, LH. 1986. Food habits of breeding White-winged Scoters. Canadian Journal of Zoology 64: 1652-1654.

Brown, PW; Fredrickson, LH. 1987. Body and organ weights, and carcass composition of breeding female White-winged Scoters. Wildfowl 38: 103-107.

Brown, PW; Fredrickson, LH. 1987. Time budget and incubation behavior of breeding White-winged Scoters. Wilson Bulletin 99: 50-55.

Brown, PW; Fredrickson, LH. 1989. White-winged Scoter, Melanitta fusca, populations and nesting on Redberry Lake, Saskatchewan. Canadian Field-Naturalist 103: 240-247.

Brown, PW; Houston, CS. 1982. Longevity and age of maturity of White-winged Scoters. Journal of Field Ornithology 53: 53-54.

Brua, R. B. 1998. Negative effects of patagial tags on Ruddy Ducks. Journal of Field Ornithology 69: 530-535.

Burt, MDB; McLaughlin, JD. 1975. On two cestode species, parasites of waterfowl, Hymenolepis diorchis Fuhrmann, 1913 and Diorchis diorchis Baer, 1962. Acta Parasitologica Polonica 23: 201-205.

Buscher, HN. 1965. Dynamics of the intestinal helminth fauna in three species of ducks. Journal of Wildlife Management 29: 772-781.

Buscher, HN. 1965. Ectoparasites from Anseriform birds in Manitoba. Canadian Journal of Zoology 43: 219-221.

Buscher, HN. 1966. Intestinal helminths of the Blue-winged Teal, Anas discors L., at Delta, Manitoba. Canadian Journal of Zoology 44: 113-116.

Caldwell, PJ. 1973. Development of thermoregulation in Mallard ducklings. Condor 75: 113-114.

Caldwell, PJ. 1980. Primary shaft measurements in relation to age of Sharp-tailed Grouse. Journal of Wildlife Management 44: 202-204.

Caldwell, PJ; Batt, BDJ. 1974. Snow Goose soaring with White Pelicans. Wilson Bulletin 86: 67-68.

Caldwell, PJ; Cornwell, GW. 1975. Incubation behavior and temperatures of the Mallard duck. Auk 92: 706-731.

Caldwell, PJ; Snart, AE. 1974. A photographic index for aging Mallard embryos. Journal of Wildlife Management 38: 298-301.

Campeau, S; Murkin, HR; Titman, RD. 1994. Relative importance of algae and emergent plant litter to freshwater marsh invertebrates. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 51: 681-692.

Caswell, J. H. 2001. Vulnerability of non-target goose species to hunting with electronic snow goose calls. Thesis, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge Louisiana, USA.Clark, RJ. 1972. Observations of nesting Marsh Hawks in Manitoba. Blue Jay 30: 43-48.

Clark, RJ. 1972. Pellets of the Short-eared Owl and Marsh Hawk compared. Journal of Wildlife Management 36: 962-964.

Clark, RJ. 1975. A field study of the Short-eared Owl, Asio flammeus (Pontoppidan) in North America. Wildl. Monogr. 47: 1-67.

Clark, RJ; Stanley, BL. 1976. Facial feathering of the Marsh Hawk (Circus cyaneus hudsonius), Long-eared (Asio otus) and Short-eared Owl (Asio flammeus) compared. Proc. Pa. Acad. Sci. 50: 86-88.

Clark, RJ; Ward, JG. 1974. Interspecific competition in two species of open country raptors Circus cyaneus and Asio flammeus. Proc. Pa. Acad. Sci. 48: 79-87.

Clark, WR. 1994. Habitat selection by muskrats in experimental marshes undergoing succession. Canadian Journal of Zoology 72: 675-680.

Clark, WR; Kroeker, DW. 1993. Population dynamics of muskrats in experimental marshes at Delta, Manitoba. Canadian Journal of Zoology 71: 1620-1628.

Collias, EC; Collias, NE. 1957. The response of chicks of the Franklin's Gull to parental bill-color. Auk 74: 371-375.

Collias, NE; Collias, EC. 1956. Some mechanisms of family integration in ducks. Auk 73: 378-400.

Collias, NE; Collias, EC. 1963. Selective feeding by wild ducklings of different species. Wilson Bulletin 75: 6-14.

Combs, DL; Fredrickson, LH. 1995. Molt chronology of male Mallards wintering in Missouri. Wilson Bulletin 107: 359-365.

Combs, DL; Fredrickson, LH. 1996. Foods used by male Mallards wintering in southeastern Missouri. Journal of Wildlife Management 60: 603-610.

Cooch, FG. 1964. A preliminary study of the survival value of a functional salt gland in prairie Anatidae. Auk 81: 380-393.

Cooper, JA. 1978. The history and breeding biology of the Canada Geese of Marshy Point, Manitoba. Wildl. Monogr. 61: 1-87.

Cooper, JA; Afton, AD. 1981. A multiple sensor system for monitoring avian nesting behavior. Wilson Bulletin 93: 325-333.

Cooper, JA; Batt, BDJ. 1972. Criteria for aging Giant Canada Goose embryos. Journal of Wildlife Management 36: 1267-1270.

Cooper, JA; Hickin, JR. 1972. Chronology of hatching by laying sequence in Canada Geese. Wilson Bulletin 84: 90-92.

Cornwell, G; Hochbaum, HA. 1971. Collisions with wires--a source of Anatid mortality. Wilson Bulletin 83: 305-306.

Cornwell, GW. 1963. New waterfowl host records for Sarcocystis rileyi and a review of sarcosporidiosis in birds. Avian Diseases 7: 212-216.

Cornwell, GW. 1963. Observations on waterfowl mortality in southern Manitoba caused by Echinuria uncinata (Nematoda, Acuariidae). Canadian Journal of Zoology 41: 699-703.

Cornwell, GW. 1968. Needless duck deaths. Catalyst 2: 15-18.

Cornwell, GW. 1969. Gadwall seeding. Florida Wildl. 22: 26-28.

Cornwell, GW; Bartonek, JC. 1963. Pseudo-sleeping attitude of the Canvasback. Condor 65: 444-446.

Cornwell, GW; Cowan, AB. 1963. Helminth populations of the Canvasback (Aythya valisineria) and host-parasite environmental interrelationships. Trans. N. Amer. Wildl. Conf. 28: 173-199.

Cornwell, JC; Neill, C; Stevenson, JC. 1995. Biogeochemical origin of d34S isotope signatures in a prairie marsh. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 52: 1816-1820.

Cowan, WF. 1985. Longevity record for a wild raccoon, Procyon lotor, in Manitoba. Canadian Field-Naturalist 99: 115.

Crichton, VFJ; Welch, HE. 1972. Helminths from the digestive tracts of Mallards and Pintails in the Delta Marsh, Manitoba. Canadian Journal of Zoology 50: 633-637.

Dane, C; Steffen, W; Caldwell, P. 1973. Maternal nesting behaviour by male Mallards. Wildfowl 24: 158-161.

Dane, CW. 1966. Some aspects of the breeding biology of the Blue-winged Teal. Auk 83: 389-402.

Dane, CW. 1968. Age determination of Blue-winged Teal. Journal of Wildlife Management 32: 267-274.

Dane, CW; Pearson, GL. 1971. Effect of a spring storm on waterfowl mortality and breeding activity. Pp. 258-267 in Proc. snow and ice in relation to wildlife and recreation symposium (AO Haugen, ed.). Iowa State Univ., Ames.

Davis, JB; Kaminski, RM; Stephens, SC. 1998. Wood duck eggshell membranes predict duckling numbers. Wildlife Society Bulletin 26: 299-301.

de Vos, A. 1964. Activities of a Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) brood after hatching. Auk 81: 442.

de Vos, A. 1964. Observations on the behaviour of captive Trumpeter Swans during the breeding season. Ardea 52: 166-189.

Desrochers, BA; Ankney, CD. 1986. Effect of brood size and age on the feeding behavior of adult and juvenile American Coots (Fulica americana). Canadian Journal of Zoology 64: 1400-1406.

Dillon, ST. 1954. Population and production trends on the Delta Marshes of south-central Manitoba-1954. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Spec. Sci. Rep. Wildl. 27: 92-95.

Dillon, ST. 1955. Waterfowl population and production trends on the Delta Marshes of south-central Manitoba--1955. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Spec. Sci. Rep. Wildl. 30: 89-92.

Dillon, ST. 1959. Breeding of the Least Bittern in Manitoba. Auk 76: 524-525.

Dubovsky, JA; Kaminski, RM. 1994. Potential reproductive consequences of winter-diet restriction in Mallards. Journal of Wildlife Management 58: 780-786.

DuBowy, PJ. 1985. Feeding ecology and behavior of postbreeding male Blue-winged Teal and Northern Shovelers. Canadian Journal of Zoology 63: 1292-1297.

DuBowy, PJ. 1985. Moults and plumages and testicular regression of post-breeding male Blue-winged Teal (Anas discors) and Northern Shovelers (Anas clypeata). J. Zool. 207: 459-466.

Dubowy, PJ 1985. Seasonal organ dynamics in post-breeding male Blue-winged Teal and Northern Shovelers. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 82A: 899-906.

Dwyer, TJ. 1970. Waterfowl breeding habitat in agricultural and non-agricultural land in Manitoba. Journal of Wildlife Management 34: 130-136.

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